Carbureter.



S. M. UDALE.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15. I913- Patented July 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WI TIVESSES 9& $144M S. M. UDALE.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, 1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS*SHEET 2.

WITNESSES.-

cannonnrnn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 11915.

Application filed December 15, 1913. Serial No..806,695.

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, STANLEY M: UiiALn, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan,have invented a new and 1111* proved Carburetor, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to means for pro-' ducing explosive mixtures fromliquid hydrocarbons, and its object is to provide a carbureter in whichthe main current of air shall have an unobstructed flow; one in whichthe liquid fuel shall move out radially into the path of the maincurrent of air and be presented to the air in the form of a film or offine particles at the edges of a series of annular plates; and one inwhich the flow of air is under positive control.

This invention consists of a carbureter having a vertically movableairvalve of upper end to permit air to pass downwardly through it tomeet the fuel and to carry the fuel out laterally between annularplates,. at body whose interior has substantially the shape of thevalve, from which the latter is spaced so that fuel mixture may passbetween them, and a fuel nozzle extending up into the valve and actingas a guide for the lower end of the valve.

It further consists in the details of construction illustrated in theaccompanying drawings and particularly set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a. vertical section of thisimproved car bureter on the. line 1-1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on theline a 3 of Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters refer to like partsthroughout the severalviews.

The body portion of the carburetor is formed of three parts, a cap orhood, a central portion and a float chamber. The float chamber 1 isannular and the upper edge of the outer ring forms a joint with theradial flange 2 of the central portion 3 of the body, a packing ring 4being employed if desired. A flange 5 on the part 3 may besermv-threaded to fit onto the threaded inner ring (3. A boss-7 on thepart 3 is formed with a threaded opening 8 to receive the fuel feed-pipeand may be provided with a tubular valve-seat 9 adapted to receive theball-valve 10 of metal or rubber. A pair of reasons that will beexplained later on.

lugs llextend down from this boss and carry the pivot pin 12 of thefloat 13. This float, is preferably of cork and onto the top of it maybe secured the horseshoe-shaped plate 15 of thin metal having an ear 16which is bent to pass around the pivot 12. The ball 10 rests on thisplate 15 near the pivot 12 and is pressed up against its seat by thefloat whenever the fuel Within the receptacle has reached aproper level.

Aconnection 17, preferably U-shaped, has its ends connectinginto thefloat chamber 1, and has a central vertical bore to receive the tube 18that may have the openings 18 therein, and Whose lower end 19 may bethreaded to receive the stop cook 20, which may act as a lock-nut tohold the nozzle 18 in position, andmay also be used to drain the floatchamber when desired. This nozzle 18 may have a contracted portion 22through which the needle-valve 23 ex ends and whereby the flow of fuelthrough this nozzle may be accurately determined. The upper end of thenozzle 18 may be counterbored to receive a bushing 25. whose outer sidesare grooved as shown in Fig. 3, which grooves extend laterally outwardbeneath the lip 26 at its upper end. Theupper edge of this lip isinclined as shown in Fig. 1 for The normal fuel level will be below theupper end of the nozzle 18, but will be sufiiciently high so that it canbe forced to run out between the lip 26 and theiupper end of the nozzle18 when the engine begins to operate, and the pressure Within thecarbureter is reduced below that of the atmosphere.

The cover or hood 28 has a flange 29 of any desired description so thatit can be connected to the flange at the intake end of the manifold ofthe engine. .It is also formed with a boss 30 having a threaded opening31 into which, if desired, a pipe may be secured to conduct air tothiscarbureter from any desired source where it may be heated, which pipemay be provided with the usual throttle. Within the hood 28 is mounted apair of sleeves 33 whose exterior diameter is a trifle larger than thegear 34 on the shaft 35. A crank handle 36 may be employed to turn theshaft and gear. A central ring 37 acts as a guide for the cylindricalupper end 38 of the main valve of the carbureter.

In the drawings the main valve of the carburetor is shown to have a.tapering body j A series of holes or passages 54, more clearly 40, and acap 41 therefor having a cylindrical upper end 38 formed withcircumferential grooves of such a character that theywill act as a rackwhen meshing with the teeth of the gear 34 on the shaft 35. A sleeve 42in the bore of this cylindrical extension 38 is supported by'the arms 43and is threaded to receive the threaded portion 44 of the stem 45 of theneedle-valve 23. The upper end of this stem 45 may be formed rectangularand may slidably fit a sleeve 47 of the hood 28 of the body. By turningthe valve, the relative position of the needlevalve 23 and its seat maybe easily adjusted. A-spring 48 normally holds down this valve 40. Ascrew 49 that extends between lugs 50 on the top 41 of the valvenormally prevents the valve from turning, but does not prevent verticalmovement of the valve.

The lower portion 51 of the air-valve also tapers downwardly and isslidably mounted on the nozzle 18., It has an upwardly extendingcylindrical portion 52 threaded to receive the nut 53 that locks thislower portion 50 to the body portion 40 of the valve.

shown in Fig. 3, are formed in the part 52 and through them the mixturepasses out laterally between the rings 55, which are secured between theparts 40 and 51 of this valve, beingheld in position by the pins 56, andproperly separatedby the small Washers 57. The nut 53 will not onlycause the washers and rings to be firmly gripped between the two lowerportions of the air-valve, but will also prevent the pins from comingout. A bushing 59 is adjustably mounted in the cylindrical portion 52 ofthe lower part 51 of this air-valve, preferably by means of the threadedconnection shown.

Operation: In starting the engine the valve 40 is pressed downwardlyupon its seat", thereby entirely or nearly entirely preventing theentrance of air from the lower end of the carbureter. Air enteringthrough the opening 31 passes downwardly through the interior of thevalve 40 and into the bushing 59, the latter having been previouslyadjusted so as to insure-a minimum spacing of its lower edge from theinclined lip 26 "of the bushing 25. The air passes laterally from thelower end of the bushing in a com paratively thin film that comes intointimate contact with the fuel flowing out between the lip 26 and theupper end of the nozzle, and draws the fuel upwardly through thepassages between the bushing 25 and the nozzle. At the same time thevelocity of the air in the bushing 59 causesthe suction in the interiorof the bushing 25 to be less than the suction at the lip 26. The netresult of the suction along the edge of the lip 26 and the suction uponthe fuel in the bushing 25 is an adjustment of fuel supply to the demandtherefor, that is very desirable, and

outwardly from the rings masses that results in substantial economies inthe use of fuel. The fuel flowing outwardly from the nozzle will besprayed between the rings 55 by the force of the jet. the precise actionbeing doubtful. The mixture, after leaving the lip 26, passes outwardlythrough between the rings '55, where. the air and fuel of the mixtureare brought into more intimate contact, then upwardly around the valveand out through the passage 60. After the engine is started, or at othertimes when a larger amount of mixture is needed, the valve 40 may beraised somewhat to admit air from the base which passes upwardly and ismixed with the fuel mixture passing The raising of the valve alsoincreases the width of the opening between the lower end of the bushing59 and the lip 26, and thereby reduces the velocity of the air, whichcorrespondingly reduces the suction at the edge of the lip 26 andincreases the suction inside the bushing 25. At the same time, theneedlevalve 23 is raised and a freer flow of fuel results,the rate offlow of fuel being determined by the absolute pressure inside'thebushing 25 and the net area of the orifice 22.

It is obvious that the details of this carbureter may be modified tomeet varying conditions without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

I claim: v

1. In a carbureter, the combination of a hollow air valve, a body inwhich the valve is slidable, said body comprising a float chamber at itslower end, and said float chamber comprising an inwardlyextendingportion, a fuel nozzle mounted in this portion and extending therefromcentrally of the air valve, said valve having a series of radial fuelpassages at about the level of the upper end of the nozzle, and meansfor moving the valve up and down on the nozzle.

2. In a carbureterfthe combination of a hollow air valve, a body inwhich the valve is slidable, said body comprising an annular floatchamber at its lower end, and said float chamber comprising a downwardlyand inwardly extending portion, a fuel nozzle mounted in this portionand extending vertically therefrom centrally of the air valve, saidvalve comprising an upper portion and a lower portion spaced from eachother at their outer'edges, a series of rings in the space between theedges. means for separating the rings slightly from each other to formradial passages, means for clamping the portions of the valve, the ringsand the separating means together, and a fuel passage leading from thefuel nozzle to the passages between, the rings.

3. In a carbureter, a fuel nozzle, having a contracted portion adaptedto constitute a valve seat, a needle valve in axial alinemcut therewithand adjustable to and from the filo , maaeaa end of the chamber with theradial passage,

a cylindrical valve member arranged in alinement with the nozzle, andmeans for moving the member toward or from the-upper face of the bushingto regulate the flow of fluid over the face of the bushing, or tocontact therewith and direct the flow of fluid wholly through thepassage between the chamber and the bushing.

4. In a carb'ureter, the combination of a hollow air valve, a body inwhich the valve is movable, said body comprising a float chamber, a fuelnozzle connected to the float chamber, a valve seat in the nozzle, aneedle valve in axial alinement with the valve seat, the nozzle alsocomprising a chamber in its upper end, a bushing seated in the chamber,

said bushing comprising a radial lip that restsupon the upper portion ofthe chamber, the lip being provided with radial grooves in the lowersurface thereof, and portions of the bushing being spaced from' theinner wall of the chamber to provide passages that connect the innerends of the radial passages with'the lower end ofthe chamber, meanscarried by the valve and movable therewith towardor from the upper faceof the lip to regulate the flow of fluids over the face of the bushing,said means being also adapted to contact with the face of the bushin andthereby deflect air downwardly throug the bottom of the chamber andthrough the radial passages in the lip to form a rich mixture.

5. In a carbureter, a hollow air valve, a body in which the air valve isvertically slid able, .the valve having a vertical opening in its lowerportion, a fuel nozzle extendinginto the opening and on which the valveis slidably mounted, a bushing threaded into the air valve, and meansfor, adjusting the valve toward or from the upper end of the V nozzle toregulate the flow of fluid.

6. In a carbureter, a hollow tapering body, a tapering cover for thebody, a boss formed on the cover and provided with an air inlet therein,a central hollow ring to which the air inlet leads, a hollow taperingvalve, the outer surface of which substan-] tially conforms to the innersurface of the body and is normally spaced a slightdistance therefrom toform an air passage, said valve having a hollow upstanding neck slidablvmounted in the ring, a passage in the lower portion of the valve leadingfrom the interior of the valve to the exterior thereof,

an exit passage in the interior of the cover, said exit passage beingseparated from the air inlet passage by a wall and terminating inanopening in the apex of the cover.

7. In a carbureter, a hollow body, a cover therefor, an air inlet in thecover terminating in a downwardly depending ring, a hollow valve havinga cylindrical neck slidably. mounted in the ring, a boss formed in thecover in axial alinement with the ring and neck, a threaded sleevesupported by the 'neck in axial alinement with the ring, the

neck, and the boss, and a valve stem having a threaded portion engagingthe threads in the sleeve and an upper portion received in the boss andheld from rotation thereby.

8. In a carbureter, a hollow body, a cover therefore, an air inlet inthe cover terminating in a downwardly depending ring, a hollow valvehaving a cylindrical neck slidably mounted in the ring, a boss formed inthe cover in axial alinement with the ring and neck, a threaded sleevesupported by the neck in axial alinement with the ring, the neck, andthe boss, and a valve stem having a threaded portion engaging thethreads in the sleeve, spaced lugs formed on the valve, and adjustablemeans on the body normally projecting between the lugs to preventangular movement of the valve in respectto the body.

9. .In a carbureter, the combination of a hollow substantially oval airvalve, a body in which the valve is slidable and comprising an annularfloat chamber at its lower end having a fuel conduit connecting to itslower side, a fuel nozzle extending vertically from said conduitcentrally into said valve,

- body comprising a float chamber, said float chamber comprising aninwardly extending portion, a fuel nozzle mounted in this portionandextending therefrom centrally of the air valve, said nozzle having acylindrical bushing located in its outlet, an annular passage betweensaid bushing and nozzle and means for sliding the air valve so that itslower end will approach this annular passa e.

I1. In a carbureter, a hollow air valve, a body in which the air valveis movable, a fuel nozzle mounted in an inwardly extending portion ofthe body and extending therefrom centrally of the air valve, said nozzlehaving a cylindrical bushing located in its outlet, an annular passagebetween said bushing and nozzle, and means for moving the air valve sothat its lower end will approachthis annular passage.

12.. A carburetor having a mixing chamlaw &

ber, a mixture outlet, two air passages leading thereto, and a fuelinlet admitting fuel into one of the air passages, a movable throttle ineach air passage adapted to control the air flowing through each airpassage before the two streams of air merge into one, said valves beingadjustable relative to each other, and mechanical means forsimultaneously moving the two air throttles so as to permit more orlessair and fuel to flow through one passage, and more or less pure airthrough the other.

13. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, a mixture outlet, two airpassages leading thereto, and a fuel inlet admitting fuel into one ofthe air passages, a movable throttle in each air passage adapted tocontrol the air flowing through its respective air passage before thetwo streams merge into one, mechanical means for positively andsimultaneously moving the two air throttles so as to permit the flow ofmore or less air and fuel through one passage, said valves beingadjustable relative to each other, and more or less pure air through theother, and means whereby the throttle controlling the mixture of air andfuel is, initially open while the throttle controlling the flow of pureair is still closed.

14. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, a mixture outlet, and two airpassages leading thereto, one of them having a fuel orifice leading intoit, a vmovable throttle in each air passage adapted to control the airflowing through each air passage before the two streams of air mergeinto one, said throttles being adjustable relative to each other,mechanical means for simultaneously moving the two air throttles andcontrolling the resistance to the flow of fuel through the fuel orificeso as to admit more or less air and fuel through the one passage andmore or less air through the other passage.

15. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, a mixture outlet and two airpassages leading thereto, one of the air passages having a fuel orificeleading into it, a movable throttle in each air passage adapted tocontiiol the air flowing hrough its respective air passage before thetwo streams of air merge into one, said throttles being adjustablerelative to each other, mechanical means for simultaneously moving thetwo air throttles and controlling the resistance to flow of fuel throughthe fuel orifice so as to permit the flow of more or less air and fuelthrough the one passage and more or less air through the other passage,and means whereby the throttle controlling the flow of fuel and air isheld initially open when the throttle controlling the flow of pure airis still closed.

16. A carbureter having a mixture outlet and two air passages leadingthereto, two adjustably but normally rigidly connected throttle valves,each of which is movable to control one of the air passages leading tosaid mixture outlet, one air passage being adapted to conduct a mixtureof air and fuel, the other air passage to' conduct pure air.

17. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, two air passages communicatingwith the mixing chamber, and a mixture outlet, a throttle valvecontrolling restricted areas in each of the two air passages, saidthrottle valves being adjustable relative to each other, one of said airpassages being adapted to conduct a mixture of air and fuel, the otherto conduct pure air to the mixing chamber.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification 1n the presence oftwo subscrlbmg witnesses.

STANLEY M. UDALE.

I Witnesses:

ED\VARD N. PAGELSEN, Huoo W. Knnnvmuxo.

